The differences between solar cells and ordinary batteries are as follows:

1. Different chemical reactions

Solar cells do not need to consume chemicals, as long as there is sunlight to generate electricity, ordinary batteries have to undergo chemical reactions to generate electricity.

2. Different power supply

Solar cells can't power up when the light is off. Ordinary batteries don't have this limitation.

Extended information:

The basic characteristics of solar cells include polarity of solar cells, performance parameters of solar cells and voltammetry characteristics of solar electric environmental protection batteries. The specific explanation is as follows:

1. Polarity of solar cells

Silicon solar cells are generally made into P+/N type structure or N+/P type structure, P+ and N+, representing the conductive type of semiconductor material in the front light layer of solar cells; N and P represent the conduction type of the semiconductor material on the back substrate of the solar cell. The electrical properties of solar cells are related to the properties of the semiconductor materials used to make them.

2. Performance parameters of solar cells

The performance parameters of solar cells are composed of open circuit voltage, short circuit current, maximum output power, filling factor and conversion efficiency. These parameters are indicators of the performance of solar cells.

3. Voltammetry characteristics of solar cells

The P-N junction solar cell consists of a shallow P-N junction formed on the surface, a strip and finger shaped front ohmic contact, a back ohmic contact covering the entire back surface, and an anti-reflective layer on the front. When the cell is exposed to the solar spectrum, photons with energies smaller than the band-gap width Eg do not contribute to the cell output.

Photons with energy greater than the band-gap (Eg) will contribute energy (Eg) to the battery output, and those with energy less than (Eg) will be consumed as heat. Therefore, in the design and manufacturing process of solar cells, we must consider the influence of this part of heat on the stability of the battery, life, etc.